The World's Most Common Psychoactive Drug

It is perhaps the most insidious and pervasive of all psychoactive substances in the world, with at least 90% of Americans consuming it on a daily basis. And in its natural form, its a pesticide, much like other substances that we twist to suit our needs...however unlike most other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in nearly all jurisdictions, even if it does have its own "-ism" from substance abuse (fairly common in college students, I'd imagine, from all that we indulge in it).

Aye, as you might have guessed, the friendly culprit is caffeine, friend to the college student, the working class, coffeeholics everywhere, and thinkgeek.com (the latter of which actually sells a product called Shower Shock Caffeinated Soap, with about 200 milligrams of caffeine per 5-10 minute shower!!...and Spazzstick Caffeinated Lip Balm as well [now with SPF 15 protection])

But caffeine has quite the long history as well, as it has been used since prehistoric times. Tea though, is more recent, invented around 3,000 BC by Emperor Shennong of China (who is also credited with identifying hundreds of medical (and poisonous) herbs by personally testing their properties...just a tad risky). Like so many other things, this too was an accident, caused when a leaf happened to be wafted by the wind to land in a cauldron of boiling water. Sharing the adventurous spirit of today's young and foolhardy (sometimes drunk) college students, he indulged himself in a drink, and opened the world to the wonder of Tea!

Coffee is a few thousand years younger, first widely adopted in the 15th Century by the Yemeni to stay awake during prayers. However, from there it quickly spread to Europe and the Near East, first being known as "Arabian wine" (perhaps taken as part of a hangover cure after a bacchanalia rite?) at "coffee houses" in Constantinople and Venice. It was also apparently quite useful in alchemy as well, where its properties of rejeuvenation led some to believe that it had a connection with life itself.

Caffeinated products have been used as currency, causes for revolution, trade goods...etc. But not everything about it is serious...caffeine been thought of as too much of the life of the party as well. In a rather amusing example, in 1911, the government initiated the case "United States v. Forty Barrels and Twenty Kegs of Coca-Cola", claiming that the excessive use of Coca-Cola at one girls' school led to "wild nocturnal freaks, violations of college rules and female proprieties, and even immoralities." (One would think they were referring to alcohol use on Frat Row or some such!)

And while the court did rule in favor of Coca-Cola on that case, a bill was passed adding caffeine to the list of "habit-forming" and "deleterious" substances which must be listed on a product's label. As for why, well...an overdose of caffeine (more than 3–4 cups of coffee) can lead to a person basically getting high off of it (very much like cocaine, actually, the other major psychoactive substance in early Coca-Cola...and which is still in the present drink in trace amounts in order to keep the name).

Just as an aside, due to a lawsuit about their name, after 1904, Coca-Cola couldn't get rid of cocaine entirely, so they started using "spent" coca leaves with molecular traces of the compound, with the Stepan Company's facility (in Maywood New Jersey) being the only manufacturing plant authorized by the Federal Government to import and process the coca plant.

Getting back to the hodgepodge, some people have even been known to snort caffeine powder (an unsurprising white in color) for a faster and more intense reaction, with symptoms of restlessness, nervousness, excitement, insomnia, flushing of the face, increased urination, gastrointestinal disturbance, muscle twitching, a rambling flow of thought and speech, irritability, irregular or rapid heart beat, and psychomotor agitation.

At the very least though, it does give energy and reduce one's risk of Parkinson's disease, which is a good thing, considering how much of it the world consumes a year. At 120,000 tons per annum, that's enough to make it hands down the world's most popular psychoactive substance, equating to one serving of a caffeine beverage for every person, per day.

Its kind of funny that something that is toxic to most other living things on the earth is so beneficial to humans, and should use it, eh? But then, maybe that's part of the reason for humanity and its excesses...after all, we are what we eat (and drink), ne?

This has been another edition of the Eclectic Hodgepodge. Please comment with any questions, comments, or suggestions (particularly for the next topic, I'd love to accomodate your requests), and please...have a good day. =)